The effect of walnut leaves as a substitute for antibiotics on the productivity and safety of chickens
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/poultry2024.01-02.008Keywords:
repair young chickens, phytogenic additives, walnut leaves, live weight, preservation, antibacterial activityAbstract
In connection with the introduction of a ban on the use of feed antibiotics in poultry farming in the European Union since 2006, the search for alternative means of preventing poultry diseases is urgent. The effectiveness of the use of walnut leaves in the form of a decoction, alcohol tincture and dry powder in the cultivation of repair young chickens was investigated, and their effect on the growth and development of the bird was evaluated. To carry out the research, day-old chickens of the Birkivska Barvysta Ukrainian selection were randomly divided into 5 similar groups of 60 heads each. All groups were fed standard full-rational compound feed in accordance with the direction of productivity. Chickens of the control group (С) received the basic diet without additives. The birds of the first experimental group (D1) received a synthetic antibiotic with drinking water (according to the manufacturer's instructions for use), the chickens of the second experimental group (D2) had 10% alcohol tincture of walnut leaves added to their drinking water in the amount of 10 ml/l, the third experimental group (D3) – instead of water they drank a 1% decoction of walnut leaves, the fourth research group (D4) – were additionally fed 1% dry ground walnut leaves. The period of action of the supplements is during the first week of rearing young animals, the observation period is 10 weeks. It was established that the studied phyto-additives have a positive effect on the growth and development of chickens, contribute to the improvement of feed absorption. As a result of the application of walnut leaves during the first 7 days of life, its stimulating effect on the bird was noted, the live weight of the chickens during the period of action of the additives in the experimental groups was 0.3-8.3% higher compared to the control counterparts, at the end of the experiment – by 2.8-8.7%. The use of the investigated phyto-additives contributed to the improvement of the average daily growth of chickens by 3.1-9.1%, feed conversion – by 3-8.3%. According to the results of the experiment, among the groups that received walnut leaves in various forms, the best indicators were found in group D2 under the influence of alcohol tincture. The average daily gain of live weight, feed conversion and survival of young animals were similar to the indicators of group D1 after drinking a synthetic antibiotic. This stimulating effect and the confirmed antibacterial activity of the alcoholic tincture of walnut leaves against the background of improving the zootechnical indicators of birds demonstrate the potential of its use for the prevention of bacterial diseases in the first week of rearing of repair young chickens.References
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