Morphological category of person in the light of interaction between parts of speech

Abstract

Adequate interpretation of morphological system should take into account absence of impenetrable boundaries, presence of numerous ties, functional coherence of components. Already at the level of morphological categories, possibility of interaction of parts of speech within a communicative unit is put, and their complex description must clearly demonstrate it. Particular importance gets corresponding analysis of the categories that provide syntactic interaction of central parts of speech, in particular the categories of person.

Purpose of the proposed study is to analyze the morphological category of person in terms of its role in organizing interaction of central parts of speech to create a sentence.

Results. In noun, the category of person has a classifying character and is partially manifested in inflection, in verb ?? it is a classical inflection category represented through a series of contrasted forms. Peripheral category of person for identifying the noun is important for characterizing syntactic behavior of this part of speech. In sentence, personal parameters of noun in the function of subject determine the personal form of verb predicate. For verb, the category of person is also peripheral. At the same time, among non-proper-verbal categories, which also include gender and number, person is central. It interacts with the hierarchically higher level category (personality) and is involved in formation of sentence predicativity. As a result of personal derivation, dependence on substantive semes of verbal lexeme, absence of formal markers of person in some verbal forms (past tense and conditional mode), there is a close connection between verb and noun in sentence.?

Semantic centrality of noun in formation of categorical values of person and, at the same time, their most consistent formal representation in verb leads to a peculiar interpenetration of partial categories of person of central parts of speech. The speaker has the opportunity to update distribution of communicative roles several times in one message, to vary the ways in which personal values can be implemented at the syntactic level. Presence of category of person in both noun and verb, differences in its representations provide flexibility of the structure of sentence.

Originality. The article for the first time deals with the role of the morphological category of person in the interaction between parts of speech noun and verb in the structure of sentence.

Conclusion. The category of person has a special place in the system of morphological categories of Ukrainian language. It is peculiarly implemented in both central parts of speech. Thanks to person, noun and verb interact on the semantic-syntactic and formal-syntactic levels. Communicatively oriented category of person has cognitive background and provides formal coherence of subject and predicate by person. Such divergence of person requires a deeper study in comparison with other categories that provide interaction of noun and verb. Adequate interpretation of the mechanism of interaction of morphological categories with hierarchically higher level categories is of immediate interest.