??ctualizational grammatical forms of verbs in the ukrainian literary language of the beginning of xxi century

Abstract

Introduction. In the language practice of the beginning of the XXI century a noticeable active use of prefix verbs of a perfective aspect (zargumentuvaty, zrealizuvaty, skodyfikuvaty etc.) and suffix verbs of imperfective aspect (legalizovuvaty, likvidovuvaty, realizovuvaty and others), that are aspectual correlates of two-aspectual verbs. It is predefined by activation in the literary Ukrainian of the beginning of the ????? century the tendency to formally-structural differentiation of the meanings of imperfective and perfective aspect in two-aspectual verbs.

Purpose. In spite of the fact that in modern studios from Ukrainian linguistics to this tendency considerable attention is spared, basic public of researchers is limited to only establishment of her presence in literary Ukrainian. In this article we aim on material of actualizational prefix verbs of perfective aspect and suffix verbs of imperfective aspect to analyze the tendency to formally-structural differentiation of the meanings of imperfective and perfective aspect in the two-aspectual verbs of the Ukrainian literary language of the beginning of the ????? of century from the point of view of accordance to the modern grammatical norm, and also to predict its further development.

Results. By origin, the two-aspectual verbs used in the Ukrainian literary language literary Ukrainian except a small amount specifically the Ukrainian verbs, are foreign, adopted by the Ukrainian from other languages, in particular Western European, for that the grammatical category of aspect is not typical. This morphological feature of language-source they long time kept in the Ukrainian, functioning as two-aspectual. However afterwards in accordance with the regularities of the grammatical system of the Ukrainian language, unlike the Russian, orientated on maintenance of formal features of the adopted language units, two-aspectual bases of foreign origin gradually began to develop the special for every aspect morphological forms and pass into the category of paired by aspect verbs.

Tendency to formation of prefix correlates for two-aspectual verbs in modern literary Ukrainian is not new, but actualized. It was widespread in the 20th of ???? century in connection with the active regulation of norms of Ukrainian terminology on national basis. Few prefix verbs of perfective aspect, formed from bases two-aspectual verbs of foreign origin, remained in the dictionaries of Soviet period, but they are marked with marks ridko., dial., rozm. These verbs, though they had status of normative lexical units, however privately were under prohibition of the use and to beginning 90th of ???? century in the language of the print media, radios and television used them infrequently.

Beginning from the 90th of ???? century thanks to the efforts foremost of terminologists, these grammatical forms gradually return to the grammatical system of the Ukrainian literary language of end of ???? ?? beginning of ????? century, penetrate scientific style and publicism.

In the Ukrainian literary language of beginning of ????? century activated not only processes of perfection of two-aspectual verbs of foreign origin, but also tendency to their imperfection with the suffix -??vuva-. The appearance of a large number of verbs of such standard can be explained by the desire of contemporary speakers to have the most exact accordances of imperfective aspect for two-aspectual verbs, that them they perceive as verbs of perfective aspect.

Originality. The scientific novelty of the offered research consists in the complex analysis of tendency to formally-structural differentiation of the meanings of imperfective and perfect aspect in the two-aspectual verbs of the Ukrainian literary language at the beginning of ????? century from the point of view of its practical expediency and accordance to the modern grammatical norm.

Conclusion. The formally-structural differentiation of the meanings of imperfective and perfect aspect in the two-aspectual verbs of foreign origin by means of affixation ?? prefixation and suffixation ?? does not conflict with the morphological structure of literary Ukrainian, but assists to the elimination of grammatical ambiguity in the perception of text.

We assume that the process of prefixing reproduction from bases of foreign-language two-aspectual verbs will further increase in the future, because the amount of verbs of foreign origin in the Ukrainian language grows (now count over 600 units) unceasingly.

After analyzing the development of the tendency for perfection and imperfection of two-aspectual verbs for the last thirty years, we have reason to predict in the future disintegration in literary Ukrainian of a quantitatively small class of two-aspectual verbs and, conversely, the expansion for today of the completest class of verbs that have a aspectual pair.

Despite quite noticeable in the Ukrainian literary language at the beginning of the ????? century formally-structural differentiation of two-aspectual verbs by means of affixation, as yet it has status only of tendency and does not influence on their linguistic qualification in modern educational literature.